A lot of people trying to over-complicate a very simple technique.
A thin decoction mashout, as Phillip as pointed out, is simply drawing off some of the first runnings and bringing it to the boil.
Add it back to the mash tun to raise the grain bed temperature to mash out temperatures.
No, it's not going to add any melanoidins to your beer (or very little depending on whether you whirlpool to clarify the run-off prior - i don't).
Not sure where/why or how the thread got derailed on a debate on boiling grains, tannin extraction etc but for those making those sort of claims, the link to Braukaiser is a good one. As is New Brewing Lager Beer by Noonan.
Why do i do it? It saves me having to boil water to do an infusion mashout and that volume of water saved can be added to the sparge volume which has the effect of increasing my extraction efficiency. In other words, i am a lazy sod.
I do real decoctions (ie thick) when making pilsners, dunkels, weizens, roggens, alts. It's not technically necessary but i think it adds something to the final product that i don't feel i can get by using melanoidin.