Yeast need a trace amount of oxygen in an anaerobic fermentation such as brewing to produce lipids in the cell wall. With out O2 the cell cannot metabolize the squalene to the next step which is a lipid. The lipids make the cell wall elastic and fluid. This allows the mother cell to produce babies, buds, in the early part of the fermentation and keeps the cell wall fluid as the alcohol level increases. With out lipids the cell wall becomes leathery and prevents bud from being formed at the beginning of the fermentation and slows down the sugar from transporting into the cell and prevents the alcohol from transporting out of the cell near the end of the fermentation. The alcohol level builds up inside the cell and becomes toxic then deadly.
Lallemand packs the maximum amount of lipids into the cell wall that is possible during the aerobic production of the yeast at the factory. When you inoculate this yeast into a starter or into the mash, the yeast can double about three time before it runs out of lipids and the growth will stop. There is about 5% lipids in the dry yeast.
Pitching Rate: 1g/L
Step 1.
* Sprinkle the yeast on the surface of ten (10) times its weight of clean, sterilized (boiled) tap water at 30 - 35C (86 - 95F)
* DO NOT STIR !!!
* Leave undisturbed for 15 minutes at 30 - 35C (86 - 95F)
* Foam or no foam is not an indication of vitality
Step 2.
* After 15 minutes stir until all yeast is suspended
* Leave undisturbed for another 5 minutes.
* Adjust temperature of solution to that of the wort in 10C (18F) steps, by adding small amounts
of wort at 5 minutes intervals and mixing gently (ATTEMPERATION)
Step 3.
* After attemperation inoculate without delay.
* Aeration of wort is not necessary.